14 CFR Part 61 Subpart G--Airline Transport Pilots

Sec. 61.151 Applicability. Index

This subpart prescribes the requirements for the issuance of airline

transport pilot certificates and ratings, the conditions under which those

certificates and ratings are necessary, and the general operating rules for

persons who hold those certificates and ratings.

 

 

Sec. 61.153 Eligibility requirements: General.Index

To be eligible for an airline transport pilot certificate, a person must:

(a) Be at least 23 years of age;

(b) Be able to read, speak, write, and understand the English language. If

the applicant is unable to meet one of these requirements due to medical

reasons, then the Administrator may place such operating limitations on that

applicant's pilot certificate as are necessary for the safe operation of the

aircraft;

(c) Be of good moral character;

(d) Meet at least one of the following requirements:

(1) Hold at least a commercial pilot certificate and an instrument rating;

(2) Meet the military experience requirements under Sec. 61.73 of this part

to qualify for a commercial pilot certificate, and an instrument rating if

the person is a rated military pilot or former rated military pilot of an

Armed Force of the United States; or

(3) Hold either a foreign airline transport pilot or foreign commercial

pilot license and an instrument rating if the person holds a pilot license

issued by a contracting State to the Convention on International Civil

Aviation.

(e) Meet the aeronautical experience requirements of this subpart that

apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought before applying for

the practical test;

(f) Pass a knowledge test on the aeronautical knowledge areas of Sec.

61.155(c) of this part that apply to the aircraft category and class rating

sought;

(g) Pass the practical test on the areas of operation listed in Sec.

61.157(e) of this part that apply to the aircraft category and class rating

sought; and

(h) Comply with the sections of this part that apply to the aircraft

category and class rating sought.

 

 

Sec. 61.155 Aeronautical knowledge.Index

(a) General. The knowledge test for an airline transport pilot certificate

is based on the aeronautical knowledge areas listed in paragraph (c) of this

section that are appropriate to the aircraft category and class rating

sought.

(b) Aircraft type rating. A person who is applying for an additional

aircraft type rating to be added to an airline transport pilot certificate is

not required to pass a knowledge test if that person's airline transport

pilot certificate lists the aircraft category and class rating that is

appropriate to the type rating sought.

(c) Aeronautical knowledge areas. (1) Applicable Federal Aviation

Regulations of this chapter that relate to airline transport pilot

privileges, limitations, and flight operations;

(2) Meteorology, including knowledge of and effects of fronts, frontal

characteristics, cloud formations, icing, and upper-air data;

(3) General system of weather and NOTAM collection, dissemination,

interpretation, and use;

(4) Interpretation and use of weather charts, maps, forecasts, sequence

reports, abbreviations, and symbols;

(5) National Weather Service functions as they pertain to operations in the

National Airspace System;

(6) Windshear and microburst awareness, identification, and avoidance;

(7) Principles of air navigation under instrument meteorological conditions

in the National Airspace System;

(8) Air traffic control procedures and pilot responsibilities as they

relate to en route operations, terminal area and radar operations, and

instrument departure and approach procedures;

(9) Aircraft loading, weight and balance, use of charts, graphs, tables,

formulas, and computations, and their effect on aircraft performance;

(10) Aerodynamics relating to an aircraft's flight characteristics and

performance in normal and abnormal flight regimes;

(11) Human factors;

(12) Aeronautical decision making and judgment; and

(13) Crew resource management to include crew communication and

coordination.

 

 

Sec. 61.157 Flight proficiency. Index

(a) General. (1) The practical test for an airline transport pilot

certificate is given for--

(i) An airplane category and single-engine class rating;

(ii) An airplane category and multiengine class rating;

(iii) A rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating;

(iv) A powered-lift category rating; and

(v) An aircraft type rating for the category and class ratings listed in

paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (a)(1)(iv) of this section.

(2) A person who is applying for an airline transport pilot practical test

must meet--

(i) The eligibility requirements of Sec. 61.153 of this part; and

(ii) The aeronautical knowledge and aeronautical experience requirements of

this subpart that apply to the aircraft category and class rating sought.

(b) Aircraft type rating. Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this

section, a person who is applying for an aircraft type rating to be added to

an airline transport pilot certificate:

(1) Must receive and log ground and flight training from an authorized

instructor on the areas of operation in this section that apply to the

aircraft type rating sought;

(2) Must receive a logbook endorsement from an authorized instructor

certifying that the applicant completed the training on the areas of

operation listed in paragraph (e) of this section that apply to the aircraft

type rating sought; and

(3) Must perform the practical test under instrument flight rules, unless

the practical test cannot be accomplished under instrument flight rules

because the aircraft's type certificate makes the aircraft incapable of

operating under instrument flight rules. If the practical test cannot be

accomplished for this reason, the person may obtain a type rating limited to

"VFR only." The "VFR only" limitation may be removed for that aircraft type

when the person passes the practical test under instrument flight rules.

(c) A person who is applying for an aircraft type rating to be added to an

airline transport pilot certificate or an aircraft type rating concurrently

with an airline transport pilot certificate, and who is an employee of a

certificate holder operating under part 121 or part 135 of this chapter, need

not comply with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section if the

applicant presents a training record that shows satisfactory completion of

that certificate holder's approved pilot in command training program for the

aircraft type rating sought.

(d) Any type rating(s) on the pilot certificate of an applicant who

successfully completes an airline transport pilot practical test shall be

included on the airline transport pilot certificate with the privileges and

limitations of the airline transport pilot certificate, provided the

applicant passes the practical test in the same category and class of

aircraft for which the applicant holds the type rating(s). However, if a type

rating for that category and class of aircraft on the superseded pilot

certificate is limited to VFR, that limitation shall be carried forward to

the person's airline transport pilot certificate level.

(e) Areas of operation. (1) For an airplane category--single-engine class

rating: (i) Preflight preparation;

(ii) Preflight procedures;

(iii) Takeoff and departure phase;

(iv) In-flight maneuvers;

(v) Instrument procedures;

(vi) Landings and approaches to landings;

(vii) Normal and abnormal procedures;

(viii) Emergency procedures; and

(ix) Postflight procedures.

(2) For an airplane category--multiengine class rating: (i) Preflight

preparation;

(ii) Preflight procedures;

(iii) Takeoff and departure phase;

(iv) In-flight maneuvers;

(v) Instrument procedures;

(vi) Landings and approaches to landings;

(vii) Normal and abnormal procedures;

(viii) Emergency procedures; and

(ix) Postflight procedures.

(3) For a powered-lift category rating: (i) Preflight preparation;

(ii) Preflight procedures;

(iii) Takeoff and departure phase;

(iv) In-flight maneuvers;

(v) Instrument procedures;

(vi) Landings and approaches to landings;

(vii) Normal and abnormal procedures;

(viii) Emergency procedures; and

(ix) Postflight procedures.

(4) For a rotorcraft category--helicopter class rating: (i) Preflight

preparation;

(ii) Preflight procedures;

(iii) Takeoff and departure phase;

(iv) In-flight maneuvers;

(v) Instrument procedures;

(vi) Landings and approaches to landings;

(vii) Normal and abnormal procedures;

(viii) Emergency procedures; and

(ix) Postflight procedures.

(f) Proficiency and competency checks conducted under part 121 or part 135.

(1) Successful completion of a proficiency check under Sec. 121.441 of this

chapter or successful completion of both a competency check, under Sec.

135.293 of this chapter, and a pilot-in-command instrument proficiency check,

under Sec. 135.297 of this chapter, satisfies the requirements of this

section for the appropriate aircraft rating.

(2) Any check or combination of checks used to satisfy the requirements of

this section must include all maneuvers and procedures required for the

issuance of a type rating. Any check must be evaluated by a designated

examiner or FAA inspector.

(g) Use of an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device

for an airplane rating. If an approved flight simulator or approved flight

training device is used for accomplishing any of the training and the

required practical test for an airline transport pilot certificate with an

airplane category, class, and type rating, if applicable, the applicant,

approved flight simulator, and approved flight training device are subject to

the following requirements:

(1) The approved flight simulator and approved flight training device must

represent that airplane type if the rating involves a type rating in an

airplane, or is representative of an airplane if the applicant is only

seeking an airplane class rating and does not require a type rating.

(2) The approved flight simulator and approved flight training device must

be used in accordance with an approved course at a training center

certificated under part 142 of this chapter.

(3) All training and testing (except preflight inspection) must be

accomplished by the applicant to receive an airplane class rating and type

rating, if applicable, without limitations and--

(i) The flight simulator must be approved as Level C or Level D; and

(ii) The applicant must meet the aeronautical experience requirements of

Sec. 61.159 of this part and at least one of the following--

(A) Hold a type rating for a turbojet airplane of the same class of

airplane for which the type rating is sought, or have been designated by a

military service as a pilot in command of an airplane of the same class of

airplane for which the type rating is sought, if a turbojet type rating is

sought;

(B) Hold a type rating for a turbopropeller airplane of the same class as

the airplane for which the type rating is sought, or have been appointed by a

military service as a pilot in command of an airplane of the same class of

airplane for which the type rating is sought, if a turbopropeller airplane

type rating is sought;

(C) Have at least 2,000 hours of flight time, of which 500 hours must be in

turbine-powered airplanes of the same class as the airplane for which the

type rating is sought;

(D) Have at least 500 hours of flight time in the same type of airplane as

the airplane for which the type rating is sought; or

(E) Have at least 1,000 hours of flight time in at least two different

airplanes requiring a type rating.

(4) Subject to the limitation of paragraph (g)(5) of this section, an

applicant who does not meet the requirements of paragraph (g)(3) of this

section may complete all training and testing (except for preflight

inspection) for an additional rating if--

(i) The flight simulator is approved as Level C or Level D; and

(ii) The applicant meets the aeronautical experience requirements of Sec.

61.159 of this part and at least one of the following--

(A) Holds a type rating in a propeller-driven airplane if a type rating in

a turbojet airplane is sought, or holds a type rating in a turbojet airplane

if a type rating in a propeller-driven airplane is sought;

(B) Since the beginning of the 12th calendar month before the month in

which the applicant completes the practical test for the additional rating,

has logged--

(1) At least 100 hours of flight time in airplanes in the same class as the

airplane for which the type rating is sought and which requires a type

rating; and

(2) At least 25 hours of flight time in airplanes of the same type for

which the type rating is sought.

(5) An applicant meeting only the requirements of paragraph (g)(4)(ii)(A)

and (B) of this section will be issued an additional rating, or an airline

transport pilot certificate with an added rating, as applicable, with a

limitation. The limitation shall state: "This certificate is subject to

pilot-in-command limitations for the additional rating."

(6) An applicant who has been issued a certificate with the limitation

specified in paragraph (g)(5) of this section--

(i) May not act as pilot in command of the aircraft for which an additional

rating was obtained under the provisions of this section until the limitation

is removed from the certificate; and

(ii) May have the limitation removed by accomplishing 15 hours of

supervised operating experience as pilot in command under the supervision of

a qualified and current pilot in command, in the seat normally occupied by

the pilot in command, in an airplane of the same type for which the

limitation applies.

(7) An applicant who does not meet the requirements of paragraph

(g)(3)(ii)(A) through (E) or (g)(4)(ii)(A) and (B) of this section may be

issued an airline transport pilot certificate or an additional rating to that

pilot certificate after successful completion of one of the following

requirements--

(i) An approved course at a part 142 training center that includes all

training and testing for that certificate or rating, followed by training and

testing on the following tasks, which must be successfully completed on a

static airplane or in flight, as appropriate--

(A) Preflight inspection;

(B) Normal takeoff;

(C) Normal ILS approach;

(D) Missed approach; and

(E) Normal landing.

(ii) An approved course at a part 142 training center that complies with

paragraphs (g)(8) and (g)(9) of this section and includes all training and

testing for a certificate or rating.

(8) An applicant meeting only the requirements of paragraph (g)(7) of this

section will be issued an additional rating or an airline transport pilot

certificate with an additional rating, as applicable, with a limitation. The

limitation shall state: "This certificate is subject to pilot-in-command

limitations for the additional rating."

(9) An applicant issued a pilot certificate with the limitation specified

in paragraph (g)(8) of this section--

(i) May not act as pilot in command of the aircraft for which an additional

rating was obtained under the provisions of this section until the limitation

is removed from the certificate; and

(ii) May have the limitation removed by accomplishing 25 hours of

supervised operating experience as pilot in command under the supervision of

a qualified and current pilot in command, in the seat normally occupied by

the pilot in command, in an airplane of the same type for which the

limitation applies.

(h) Use of an approved flight simulator or an approved flight training

device for a helicopter rating. If an approved flight simulator or approved

flight training device is used for accomplishing any of the training and the

required practical test for an airline transport pilot certificate with a

helicopter class rating and type rating, if applicable, the applicant,

approved flight simulator, and approved flight training device are subject to

the following requirements:

(1) The approved flight simulator and approved flight training device must

represent that helicopter type if the rating involves a type rating in a

helicopter, or is representative of a helicopter if the applicant is only

seeking a helicopter class rating and does not require a type rating.

(2) The approved flight simulator and approved flight training device must

be used in accordance with an approved course at a training center

certificated under part 142 of this chapter.

(3) All training and testing requirements (except preflight inspection)

must be accomplished by the applicant to receive a helicopter class rating

and type rating, if applicable, without limitations and--

(i) The flight simulator must be approved as a Level C or Level D; and

(ii) The applicant must meet the aeronautical experience requirements of

Sec. 61.161 of this part and at least one of the following--

(A) Hold a type rating for a turbine-powered helicopter, or have been

designated by a military service as a pilot in command of a turbine-powered

helicopter, if a turbine-powered helicopter type rating is sought;

(B) Have at least 1,200 hours of flight time, of which 500 hours must be in

turbine-powered helicopters;

(C) Have at least 500 hours of flight time in the same type helicopter as

the helicopter for which the type rating is sought; or

(D) Have at least 1,000 hours of flight time in at least two different

helicopters requiring a type rating.

(4) Subject to the limitation of paragraph (h)(5) of this section, an

applicant who does not meet the requirements of paragraph (h)(3) of this

section may complete all training and testing (except for preflight

inspection) for an additional rating if--

(i) The flight simulator is approved as Level C or Level D; and

(ii) The applicant meets the aeronautical experience requirements of Sec.

61.161 of this part and, since the beginning of the 12th calendar month

before the month in which the applicant completes the practical test for the

additional rating, has logged--

(A) At least 100 hours of flight time in helicopters; and

(B) At least 15 hours of flight time in helicopters of the same type of

helicopter for which the type rating is sought.

(5) An applicant meeting only the requirements of paragraph (h)(4)(ii) (A)

and (B) of this section will be issued an additional rating or an airline

transport pilot certificate with a limitation. The limitation shall state:

"This certificate is subject to pilot-in-command limitations for the

additional rating."

(6) An applicant who has been issued a certificate with the limitation

specified in paragraph (h)(5) of this section--

(i) May not act as pilot in command of the helicopter for which an

additional rating was obtained under the provisions of this section until the

limitation is removed from the certificate; and

(ii) May have the limitation removed by accomplishing 15 hours of

supervised operating experience as pilot in command under the supervision of

a qualified and current pilot in command, in the seat normally occupied by

the pilot in command, in a helicopter of the same type for which the

limitation applies.

(7) An applicant who does not meet the requirements of paragraph (h)(3)(ii)

(A) through (D), or (h)(4)(ii) (A) and (B) of this section may be issued an

airline transport pilot certificate or an additional rating to that pilot

certificate after successful completion of one of the following

requirements--

(i) An approved course at a part 142 training center that includes all

training and testing for that certificate or rating, followed by training and

testing on the following tasks, which must be successfully completed on a

static aircraft or in flight, as appropriate--

(A) Preflight inspection;

(B) Normal takeoff from a hover;

(C) Manually flown precision approach; and

(D) Steep approach and landing to an off-airport heliport; or

(ii) An approved course at a training center that includes all training and

testing for that certificate or rating and compliance with paragraphs (h)(8)

and (h)(9) of this section.

(8) An applicant meeting only the requirements of paragraph (h)(7) of this

section will be issued an additional rating or an airline transport pilot

certificate with an additional rating, as applicable, with a limitation. The

limitation shall state: "This certificate is subject to pilot-in-command

limitations for the additional rating."

(9) An applicant issued a certificate with the limitation specified in

paragraph (h)(8) of this section--

(i) May not act as pilot in command of the aircraft for which an additional

rating was obtained under the provisions of this section until the limitation

is removed from the certificate; and

(ii) May have the limitation removed by accomplishing 25 hours of

supervised operating experience as pilot in command under the supervision of

a qualified and current pilot in command, in the seat normally occupied by

the pilot in command, in an aircraft of the same type for which the

limitation applies.

(i) Use of an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device

for a powered-lift rating. If an approved flight simulator or approved flight

training device is used for accomplishing any of the training and the

required practical test for an airline transport pilot certificate with a

powered-lift category rating and type rating, if applicable, the applicant,

approved flight simulator, and approved flight training device are subject to

the following requirements:

(1) The approved flight simulator and approved flight training device must

represent that powered-lift type, if the rating involves a type rating in a

powered-lift, or is representative of a powered-lift if the applicant is only

seeking a powered-lift category rating and does not require a type rating.

(2) The approved flight simulator and approved flight training device must

be used in accordance with an approved course at a training center

certificated under part 142 of this chapter.

(3) All training and testing requirements (except preflight inspection)

must be accomplished by the applicant to receive a powered-lift category

rating and type rating, if applicable, without limitations; and--

(i) The flight simulator must be approved as Level C or Level D; and

(ii) The applicant must meet the aeronautical experience requirements of

Sec. 61.163 of this part and at least one of the following--

(A) Hold a type rating for a turbine-powered powered-lift, or have been

designated by a military service as a pilot in command of a turbine-powered

powered-lift, if a turbine-powered powered-lift type rating is sought;

(B) Have at least 1,200 hours of flight time, of which 500 hours must be in

turbine-powered powered-lifts;

(C) Have at least 500 hours of flight time in the same type of powered-lift

for which the type rating is sought; or

(D) Have at least 1,000 hours of flight time in at least two different

powered-lifts requiring a type rating.

(4) Subject to the limitation of paragraph (i)(5) of this section, an

applicant who does not meet the requirements of paragraph (i)(3) of this

section may complete all training and testing (except for preflight

inspection) for an additional rating if--

(i) The flight simulator is approved as Level C or Level D; and

(ii) The applicant meets the aeronautical experience requirements of Sec.

61.163 of this part and, since the beginning of the 12th calendar month

before the month in which the applicant completes the practical test for the

additional rating, has logged--

(A) At least 100 hours of flight time in powered-lifts; and

(B) At least 15 hours of flight time in powered-lifts of the same type of

powered-lift for the type rating sought.

(5) An applicant meeting only the requirements of paragraph (i)(4)(ii) (A)

and (B) of this section will be issued an additional rating or an airline

transport pilot certificate with a limitation. The limitation shall state:

"This certificate is subject to pilot-in-command limitations for the

additional rating."

(6) An applicant who has been issued a certificate with the limitation

specified in paragraph (i)(5) of this section--

(i) May not act as pilot in command of the powered-lift for which an

additional rating was obtained under the provisions of this section until the

limitation is removed from the certificate; and

(ii) May have the limitation removed by accomplishing 15 hours of

supervised operating experience as pilot in command under the supervision of

a qualified and current pilot in command, in the seat normally occupied by

the pilot in command, in a powered-lift of the same type for which the

limitation applies.

(7) An applicant who does not meet the requirements of paragraph (i)(3)(ii)

(A) through (D) or (i)(4)(ii) (A) and (B) of this section may be issued an

airline transport pilot certificate or an additional rating to that pilot

certificate after successful completion of one of the following

requirements--

(i) An approved course at a part 142 training center that includes all

training and testing for that certificate or rating, followed by training and

testing on the following tasks, which must be successfully completed on a

static aircraft or in flight, as appropriate--

(A) Preflight inspection;

(B) Normal takeoff from a hover;

(C) Manually flown precision approach; and

(D) Steep approach and landing to an off-airport site; or

(ii) An approved course at a training center that includes all training and

testing for that certificate or rating and is in compliance with paragraphs

(i)(8) and (i)(9) of this section.

(8) An applicant meeting only the requirements of paragraph (i)(7) of this

section will be issued an additional rating or an airline transport pilot

certificate with an additional rating, as applicable, with a limitation. The

limitation shall state: "This certificate is subject to pilot-in-command

limitations for the additional rating."

(9) An applicant issued a pilot certificate with the limitation specified

in paragraph (i)(8) of this section--

(i) May not act as pilot in command of the aircraft for which an additional

rating was obtained under the provisions of this section until the limitation

is removed from the certificate; and

(ii) May have the limitation removed by accomplishing 25 hours of

supervised operating experience as pilot in command under the supervision of

a qualified and current pilot in command, in the seat normally occupied by

the pilot in command, in a powered-lift of the same type for which the

limitation applies.

(j) Waiver authority. Unless the Administrator requires certain or all

tasks to be performed, the examiner who conducts the practical test for an

airline transport pilot certificate may waive any of the tasks for which the

Administrator approves waiver authority.

 

Sec. 61.159 Aeronautical experience: Airplane category rating. Index

(a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this section, a

person who is applying for an airline transport pilot certificate with an

airplane category and class rating must have at least 1,500 hours of total

time as a pilot that includes at least:

(1) 500 hours of cross-country flight time.

(2) 100 hours of night flight time.

(3) 75 hours of instrument flight time, in actual or simulated instrument

conditions, subject to the following:

(i) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this section, an

applicant may not receive credit for more than a total of 25 hours of

simulated instrument time in an approved flight simulator or approved flight

training device.

(ii) A maximum of 50 hours of training in an approved flight simulator or

approved flight training device may be credited toward the instrument flight

time requirements of paragraph (a)(3) of this section if the training was

accomplished in a course conducted by a training center certificated under

part 142 of this chapter.

(iii) Training in a flight simulator or flight training device must be

accomplished in an approved flight simulator or approved flight training

device, representing an airplane.

(4) 250 hours of flight time in an airplane as a pilot in command, or as

second in command performing the duties and functions of a pilot in command

while under the supervision of a pilot in command or any combination thereof,

which includes at least--

(i) 100 hours of cross-country flight time; and

(ii) 25 hours of night flight time.

(5) Not more than 100 hours of the total aeronautical experience

requirements of paragraph (a) of this section may be obtained in an approved

flight simulator or approved flight training device that represents an

airplane, provided the aeronautical experience was obtained in an approved

course conducted by a training center certificated under part 142 of this

chapter.

(b) A person who has performed at least 20 night takeoffs and landings to a

full stop may substitute each additional night takeoff and landing to a full

stop for 1 hour of night flight time to satisfy the requirements of paragraph

(a)(2) of this section; however, not more than 25 hours of night flight time

may be credited in this manner.

(c) A commercial pilot may credit the following second-in-command flight

time or flight-engineer flight time toward the 1,500 hours of total time as a

pilot required by paragraph (a) of this section:

(1) second in command time, provided the time is acquired in an airplane--

(i) Required to have more than one pilot by the airplane's flight manual,

type certificate, or the regulations under which the flight is being

conducted;

(ii) Engaged in operations under part 121 or part 135 of this chapter for

which a second in command is required; or

(iii) That is required by the operating rules of this chapter to have more

than one pilot.

(2) Flight-engineer time, provided the time--

(i) Is acquired in an airplane required to have a flight engineer by the

airplane's flight manual or type certificate;

(ii) Is acquired while engaged in operations under part 121 of this chapter

for which a flight engineer is required;

(iii) Is acquired while the person is participating in a pilot training

program approved under part 121 of this chapter; and

(iv) Does not exceed more than 1 hour for each 3 hours of flight engineer

flight time for a total credited time of no more than 500 hours.

(d) An applicant may be issued an airline transport pilot certificate with

the endorsement, "Holder does not meet the pilot in command aeronautical

experience requirements of ICAO," as prescribed by Article 39 of the

Convention on International Civil Aviation, if the applicant:

(1) Credits second in command or flight-engineer time under paragraph (c)

of this section toward the 1,500 hours total flight time requirement of

paragraph (a) of this section;

(2) Does not have at least 1,200 hours of flight time as a pilot, including

no more than 50 percent of his or her second in command time and none of his

or her flight-engineer time; and

(3) Otherwise meets the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section.

(e) When the applicant specified in paragraph (d) of this section presents

satisfactory evidence of the accumulation of 1,200 hours of flight time as a

pilot including no more than 50 percent of his or her second-in-command

flight time and none of his or her flight-engineer time, the applicant is

entitled to an airline transport pilot certificate without the endorsement

prescribed in that paragraph.

 

Sec. 61.161 Aeronautical experience: Rotorcraft category and helicopter Index

class rating.

(a) A person who is applying for an airline transport pilot certificate

with a rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating, must have at least

1,200 hours of total time as a pilot that includes at least:

(1) 500 hours of cross-country flight time;

(2) 100 hours of night flight time, of which 15 hours are in helicopters;

(3) 200 hours of flight time in helicopters, which includes at least 75

hours as a pilot in command, or as second in command performing the duties

and functions of a pilot in command under the supervision of a pilot in

command, or any combination thereof; and

(4) 75 hours of instrument flight time in actual or simulated instrument

meteorological conditions, of which at least 50 hours are obtained in flight

with at least 25 hours in helicopters as a pilot in command, or as second in

command performing the duties and functions of a pilot in command under the

supervision of a pilot in command, or any combination thereof.

(b) Training in an approved flight simulator or approved flight training

device may be credited toward the instrument flight time requirements of

paragraph (a)(4) of this section, subject to the following:

(1) Training in a flight simulator or a flight training device must be

accomplished in an approved flight simulator or approved flight training

device that represents a rotorcraft.

(2) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(3) of this section, an applicant

may receive credit for not more than a total of 25 hours of simulated

instrument time in an approved flight simulator and approved flight training

device.

(3) A maximum of 50 hours of training in an approved flight simulator or

approved flight training device may be credited toward the instrument flight

time requirements of paragraph (a)(4) of this section if the aeronautical

experience is accomplished in an approved course conducted by a training

center certificated under part 142 of this chapter.

 

Sec. 61.163 Aeronautical experience: Powered-lift category rating. Index

(a) A person who is applying for an airline transport pilot certificate

with a powered-lift category rating must have at least 1,500 hours of total

time as a pilot that includes at least:

(1) 500 hours of cross-country flight time;

(2) 100 hours of night flight time;

(3) 250 hours in a powered-lift as a pilot in command, or as a second in

command performing the duties and functions of a pilot in command under the

supervision of a pilot in command, or any combination thereof, which includes

at least:

(i) 100 hours of cross-country flight time; and

(ii) 25 hours of night flight time.

(4) 75 hours of instrument flight time in actual or simulated instrument

conditions, subject to the following:

(i) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(4)(ii) of this section, an

applicant may not receive credit for more than a total of 25 hours of

simulated instrument time in an approved flight simulator or approved flight

training device.

(ii) A maximum of 50 hours of training in an approved flight simulator or

approved flight training device may be credited toward the instrument flight

time requirements of paragraph (a)(4) of this section if the training was

accomplished in a course conducted by a training center certificated under

part 142 of this chapter.

(iii) Training in a flight simulator or flight training device must be

accomplished in an approved flight simulator or approved flight training

device that represents a powered-lift.

(b) Not more than 100 hours of the total aeronautical experience

requirements of paragraph (a) of this section may be obtained in an approved

flight simulator or approved flight training device that represents a

powered-lift, provided the aeronautical experience was obtained in an

approved course conducted by a training center certificated under part 142 of

this chapter.

 

Sec. 61.165 Additional aircraft category and class ratings. Index

(a) Rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating. A person applying for

an airline transport certificate with a rotorcraft category and helicopter

class rating who holds an airline transport pilot certificate with another

aircraft category rating must:

(1) Meet the eligibility requirements of Sec. 61.153 of this part;

(2) Pass a knowledge test on the aeronautical knowledge areas of Sec.

61.155(c) of this part;

(3) Comply with the requirements in Sec. 61.157(b) of this part, if

appropriate;

(4) Meet the applicable aeronautical experience requirements of Sec. 61.161

of this part; and

(5) Pass the practical test on the areas of operation of Sec. 61.157(e)(4)

of this part.

(b) Airplane category rating with a single-engine class rating. A person

applying for an airline transport certificate with an airplane category and

single-engine class rating who holds an airline transport pilot certificate

with another aircraft category or class rating must:

(1) Meet the eligibility requirements of Sec. 61.153 of this part;

(2) Pass a knowledge test on the aeronautical knowledge areas of Sec.

61.155(c) of this part;

(3) Comply with the requirements in Sec. 61.157(b) of this part, if

appropriate;

(4) Meet the applicable aeronautical experience requirements of Sec. 61.159

of this part; and

(5) Pass the practical test on the areas of operation of Sec. 61.157(e)(1)

of this part.

(c) Airplane category rating with a multiengine class rating. A person

applying for an airline transport certificate with an airplane category and

multiengine class rating who holds an airline transport certificate with

another aircraft category or class rating must:

(1) Meet the eligibility requirements of Sec. 61.153 of this part;

(2) Pass a knowledge test on the aeronautical knowledge areas of Sec.

61.155(c) of this part;

(3) Comply with the requirements in Sec. 61.157(b) of this part, if

appropriate;

(4) Meet the applicable aeronautical experience requirements of Sec. 61.159

of this part; and

(5) Pass the practical test on the areas of operation of Sec. 61.157(e)(2)

of this part.

(d) Powered-lift category. A person applying for an airline transport pilot

certificate with a powered-lift category rating who holds an airline

transport certificate with another aircraft category rating must:

(1) Meet the eligibility requirements of Sec. 61.153 of this part;

(2) Pass a required knowledge test on the aeronautical knowledge areas of

Sec. 61.155(c) of this part;

(3) Comply with the requirements in Sec. 61.157(b) of this part, if

appropriate;

(4) Meet the applicable aeronautical experience requirements of Sec. 61.163

of this part; and

(5) Pass the required practical test on the areas of operation of Sec.

61.157(e)(3) of this part.

 

Sec. 61.167 Privileges. Index

(a) A person who holds an airline transport pilot certificate is entitled

to the same privileges as those afforded a person who holds a commercial

pilot certificate with an instrument rating.

(b) An airline transport pilot may instruct--

(1) Other pilots in air transportation service in aircraft of the category,

class, and type, as applicable, for which the airline transport pilot is

rated and endorse the logbook or other training record of the person to whom

training has been given;

(2) In approved flight simulators, and approved flight training devices

representing the aircraft referenced in paragraph (b)(1) of this section,

when instructing under the provisions of this section and endorse the logbook

or other training record of the person to whom training has been given;

(3) Only as provided in this section, unless the airline transport pilot

also holds a flight instructor certificate, in which case the holder may

exercise the instructor privileges of subpart H of part 61 for which he or

she is rated; and

(4) In an aircraft, only if the aircraft has functioning dual controls,

when instructing under the provisions of this section.

(c) Excluding briefings and debriefings, an airline transport pilot may not

instruct in aircraft, approved flight simulators, and approved flight

training devices under this section--

(1) For more than 8 hours in any 24-consecutive-hour period; or

(2) For more than 36 hours in any 7-consecutive-day period.

(d) An airline transport pilot may not instruct in Category II or Category

III operations unless he or she has been trained and successfully tested

under Category II or Category III operations, as applicable.

14 CFR Index | 14 CFR 61 Index | 14 CFR Part 61 ATP Index