- Sec. 61.56 Flight review. Flight Review
- (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (f) of this section, a flight
- review consists of a minimum of 1 hour of flight training and 1 hour of
- ground training. The review must include:
- (1) A review of the current general operating and flight rules of part 91
- of this chapter; and
- (2) A review of those maneuvers and procedures that, at the discretion of
- the person giving the review, are necessary for the pilot to demonstrate the
- safe exercise of the privileges of the pilot certificate.
- (b) Glider pilots may substitute a minimum of three instructional flights
- in a glider, each of which includes a flight to traffic pattern altitude, in
- lieu of the 1 hour of flight training required in paragraph (a) of this
- section.
- (c) Except as provided in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section, no person
- may act as pilot in command of an aircraft unless, since the beginning of the
- 24th calendar month before the month in which that pilot acts as pilot in
- command, that person has:
- (1) Accomplished a flight review given in an aircraft for which that pilot
- is rated by an appropriately rated instructor certificated under this part or
- other person designated by the Administrator; and
- (2) A logbook endorsed by the person who gave the review certifying that
- the person has satisfactorily completed the review.
- (d) A person who has, within the period specified in paragraph (c) of this
- section, passed a pilot proficiency check conducted by an examiner, an
- approved pilot check airman, or a U.S. Armed Force, for a pilot certificate,
- rating, or operating privilege need not accomplish the flight review required
- by this section.
- (e) A person who has, within the period specified in paragraph (c) of this
- section, satisfactorily accomplished one or more phases of an FAA-sponsored
- pilot proficiency award program need not accomplish the flight review
- required by this section.
- (f) A person who holds a current flight instructor certificate who has,
- within the period specified in paragraph (c) of this section, satisfactorily
- completed a renewal of a flight instructor certificate under the provisions
- in Sec. 61.197 need not accomplish the 1 hour of ground training specified in
- paragraph (a) of this section.
- (g) The requirements of this section may be accomplished in combination
- with the requirements of Sec. 61.57 and other applicable recent experience
- requirements at the discretion of the person conducting the flight review.
- (h) A flight simulator or flight training device may be used to meet the
- flight review requirements of this section subject to the following
- conditions:
- (1) The flight simulator or flight training device must be approved by the
- Administrator for that purpose.
- (2) The approved flight simulator or approved flight training device must
- be used in accordance with an approved course conducted by a training center
- certificated under part 142 of this chapter.
- (3) Unless the flight review is undertaken in a flight simulator that is
- approved for landings, the applicant must meet the takeoff and landing
- requirements of Sec. 61.57(a) or Sec. 61.57(b) of this part.
- (4) The approved flight simulator or approved flight training device used
- must represent an aircraft, or set of aircraft, for which the pilot is rated.
-
- Sec. 61.57 Recent flight
experience: Pilot in command. Flight Review
- (a) General experience. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this
- section, no person may act as a pilot in command of an aircraft carrying
- passengers or as a required pilot on board an aircraft that requires more
- than one pilot flight crewmember unless that person has made at least three
- takeoffs and three landings within the preceding 90 days, and--
- (i) The person acted as the sole manipulator of the flight controls; and
- (ii) The required takeoffs and landings were performed in an aircraft of
- the same category, class, and type (if a type rating is required), and, if
- the aircraft to be flown is an airplane with a tailwheel, the takeoffs and
- landings must have been made to a full stop in an airplane with a tailwheel.
- (2) For the purpose of meeting the requirements of paragraph (a)(1) of this
- section, a person may act as a pilot in command of an aircraft under day VFR
- or day IFR, provided no persons or property are carried on board the
- aircraft, other than those necessary for the conduct of the flight.
- (3) The takeoffs and landings required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section
- may be accomplished in an approved flight simulator or an approved flight
- training device that is--
- (i) Approved by the Administrator for landings; and
- (ii) Used in accordance with an approved course conducted by a training
- center certificated under part 142 of this chapter.
-
- (b) Night takeoff and landing experience.
Misc. Private References
- (1) Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, no person may act as pilot in
command of an
- aircraft carrying passengers during the period beginning 1 hour after sunset
- and ending 1 hour before sunrise, unless within the preceding 90 days that
- person has made at least three takeoffs and three landings to a full stop
- during the period beginning 1 hour after sunset and ending 1 hour before
- sunrise.
- (2) The takeoffs and landings required by paragraph (b)(1) of this section
- may be accomplished in a flight simulator that is--
- (i) Approved by the Administrator for takeoffs and landings, if the visual
- system is adjusted to represent the period described in paragraph (b)(1) of
- this section; and
- (ii) Used in accordance with an approved course conducted by a training
- center certificated under part 142 of this chapter.
-
- (c) Recent instrument experience. Instrument Proficiency Check
- Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, no person may act as pilot in
command
- under IFR or in weather conditions less than the minimums prescribed for VFR, unless
within the
- preceding 6 calendar months, that person has:
- (1) For the purpose of obtaining instrument experience in an aircraft
- (other than a glider), performed and logged under actual or simulated
- instrument conditions, either in flight appropriate to the appropriate
- category of aircraft for the instrument privileges sought or in an approved
- flight simulator or approved flight training device that is representative of
- the aircraft category for the instrument privileges sought--
- (i) At least six instrument approaches;
- (ii) Holding procedures; and
- (iii) Intercepting and tracking courses through the use of navigation
- systems.
-
- (2) For the purpose of obtaining instrument experience in a glider,
- performed and logged under actual or simulated instrument conditions--
- (i) At least 3 hours of instrument time in flight, of which 1 « hours
- may be acquired in an airplane or a glider if no passengers are to be
- carried; or
- (ii) 3 hours of instrument time in flight in a glider if a passenger is to
- be carried.
-
- (d) Instrument proficiency check. Except as
provided in paragraph (e) of
- this section, a person who does not meet the recent instrument experience
- requirements of paragraph (c) of this section within the prescribed time or
- within 6 calendar months after the prescribed time may not serve as pilot in
- command under IFR or in weather conditions less than the minimums prescribed
- for VFR until that person passes an instrument proficiency check consisting
- of a representative number of tasks required by the instrument rating
- practical test.
- (1) The instrument proficiency check must be--
- (i) In an aircraft that is appropriate to the aircraft category;
- (ii) In an approved flight simulator or approved flight training device
- that is representative of the aircraft category (other than a glider); or
- (iii) For a glider, in a single-engine airplane or a glider.
- (2) The instrument proficiency check must be given by--
- (i) An examiner;
- (ii) A person authorized by the U.S. Armed Forces to conduct instrument
- flight tests, provided the person being tested is a member of the U.S. Armed
- Forces;
- (iii) A company check pilot who is authorized to conduct instrument flight
- tests under part 121, 125, or 135 of this chapter, and provided that both the
- check pilot and the pilot being tested are employees of that operator;
- (iv) An instrument flight instructor who holds the appropriate instrument
- instructor rating; or
- (v) A person approved by the Administrator to conduct instrument practical
- tests.
- (e) Exceptions. (1) Paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section do not apply to
- a pilot in command who is employed by a certificate holder under part 125 and
- engaged in a flight operation for that certificate holder if the pilot is in
- compliance with Secs. 125.281 and 125.285 of this chapter.
- (2) This section does not apply to a pilot in command who is employed by an
- air carrier certificated under part 121 or 135 and is engaged in a flight
- operation under part 91, 121, or 135 for that air carrier if the pilot is in
- compliance with Secs. 121.437 and 121.439, or Secs. 135.243 and 135.247 of
- this chapter, as appropriate.